What is Hyaluronic Acid?

Hyaluronic acid is named after the Greek word “ Hyalos ”. This word means glass, and it is named because it is shiny and transparent. Hyaluronic acid is the main component of synovial fluid. It is naturally found in our bodies. It is a high molecular weight glycosaminoglycan produced by synoviocytes, chondrocytes, and fibroblasts.

It is responsible for nourishing joints and bones and providing lubrication. A healthy knee contains 2.5-4 mg/ml hyaluronic acid. In knee arthritis, the amount of hyaluronic acid decreases by 50% due to decreased production and increased destruction. When taken orally, its absorption is low. Therefore, it is preferred to be administered by injection into the joint.

How Does Hyaluronic Acid Injection Work?

The exact mechanism of action is not clear. It is thought that it may have many effects such as reducing friction, improving elasticity and shock absorption in the knee joint, increasing the flexibility of the cartilage, increasing the lubrication of the joint surfaces that have been damaged by the decrease in joint fluid, creating a protective barrier on the synovial membrane and joint surface, and reducing the inflammatory response in the joint.

It is also reported to suppress pain perception and reduce tissue destruction. The half-life of externally injected hyaluronic acid is 2-8 days.

However, clinical improvement is observed for 6 months to 1 year after the injection. This is thought to be related to the increase in hyaluronic acid synthesis in the body when given externally.

Does the Molecular Weight of Hyaluronic Acid Matter?

There are low and high molecular weight preparations. There is conflicting information on this subject. It has been reported that the molecular weight should be at least 500,000 Daltons.

In Which Diseases Is Hyaluronic Acid Injection Beneficial?

- Knee arthritis

- Hip arthritis

- Temporomandibular joint (Jaw joint) injection

- Shoulder/Ankle arthritis

How to Decide Which of the Available Injection Treatments to Choose?

The treatment plan is made by evaluating the patient's age, clinical findings, x-ray findings, treatment expectations, and previous treatments.

How Long Does The Effectiveness Last After This Injection Is Given?

An effectiveness ranging from six months to 1 year is reported.

What are the Side Effects of Hyaluronic Acid Injection?

This injection is very safe. Side effects are very rare and temporary. There is no known drug interaction. However, there may be redness, warmth, swelling, tenderness and pain at the injection site.

Can Hyaluronic Acid Be Combined With PRP?

Yes, studies have shown that when these two injections are combined, the effectiveness is better than when injected alone. However, the cost also increases. At the same time, a greater volume is given during injection into the joint.